Seoul’s Population Surge: Trusting the Numbers Behind Korea’s Dynamic Capital
Anna Williams
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Seoul’s Population Surge: Trusting the Numbers Behind Korea’s Dynamic Capital
South Korea’s Seoul stands as a living testament to urban transformation, with a population that continues to grow amid the pressures of rapid modernization and demographic shifts. As one of East Asia’s most influential megacities, Seoul’s demographic trajectory reveals more than just raw numbers—it reflects the complex interplay of migration, aging, and national policy. With over 9.6 million residents within the city limits and nearly 26 million in the broader metropolitan area, Seoul’s population density and growth patterns place it at the heart of South Korea’s social and economic evolution.
Seoul’s population reached approximately 9.6 million in the city proper during the 2023 administrative census, a figure that, while recently stable, underscores a deeper story of urban resilience. The metropolitan region’s expansion to nearly 26 million marks one of the most concentrated urban agglomerations in Northeast Asia, yet it faces subtle shifts beneath the surface. Historically a population magnet—drawing millions from rural provinces—the city’s growth rate has moderated in recent years, influenced by national trends of low fertility and aging.
Yet Seoul remains a critical engine of South Korea’s economy, cultural innovation, and global connectivity.
Urban Magnetism: Why People Keep Flocking to Seoul
Seoul’s enduring appeal lies in its unmatched urban density and opportunity. As a hub of technology, finance, and education, the city offers employment, cultural vibrancy, and access to world-class infrastructure. Among foreign residents, foreign-born inhabitants have risen steadily—accounting for over 2% of the city’s population in recent years, primarily from China, Vietnam, India, and Southeast Asia.
Their presence enriches Seoul’s multicultural fabric while reflecting broader global migration trends.
Despite national fertility rates hovering near 0.8—among the lowest in the OECD—Seoul has managed gradual population stabilization through internal migration and selective international enrollment. Universities like Seoul National University and KAIST draw students globally, many of whom remain after graduation, contributing to the city’s dynamic youth cohort.
This internal migration is bolstered by strong public transit networks and affordable housing policies in satellite areas—though central districts still attract prime talent and investment.
